High blood pressure or hypertension is the amount of energy that blood applies to arterial walls when it flows over them.If a person has high blood pressure, the artery walls are very high.
Increased blood pressure is a very common disease, and especially in women aged 40.
This disease manifests itself very slowly.At first, a person has weakness, bad sleep and dizziness.Then comes the quick fatigue, a wave of blood on the head, the fingers gets numb and small "flies" blink in front of the eyes.
The reasons for the development of the disease
What reasons contribute to the formation of hypertension?The factors have not yet been fully studied that contribute to increasing blood pressure in both children and adults.Now the following reasons can be distinguished:
- The emotional excess, stress;
- age;
- alcohol and smoke;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- consumption in large amounts of salty foods and small liquids;
- Diabetes mellitus;
- kidney diseases;
- Overweight;
- The use of some medications (for example, blood pressure in women increases when taking contraceptive drugs);
- Hereditary factors.
Symptoms
In recent years, hypertension has been much younger.In the case of constant stress, neurosis, inactive life, smoking, this disease affects young people and even children.
To increase the pressure, the symptoms are as follows:
- overwork;
- headache;
- heart pain;
- Hypertensive crisis.
Consider each of the symptoms presented in more detail.
Overwork
The first sign that you have high blood pressure indicators is a condition that resembles overwork or a slight cold.The following symptoms occur:
- certain irritability,
- DOWNLY DAY THE DAY
- night's sleep disorders
- The impossibility will focus
- redness of the eyeballs.
Most people do not take these demonstrations seriously, though completely in vain.In fact, if the resting blood pressure is in adults 140/90 mm hg.Art.And in children 120/90 mm RT. Art., And there is also a tendency to a subsequent increase, we can argue about a light form of a hypertensive disease.
All men whose age exceeds 40 years (according to statistics, the development of hypertension in men is several times more than in women), as well as people who are at risk (suffering from overweight, diabetics) are required to perform regular blood pressure measurement.
Headaches
When the additional development of the disease is observed, in hypertension, the headaches of a painful and compressive nature begin to occur.Along with this symptom, opalists can diagnose a change in eye day and the presence of atrophic processes in the retina.
The manifestations presented may indicate that there is increased intraocular pressure.This disorder can be a sign for serious vision diseases.
When at rest, blood pressure in adults is 160/100 mm Hg.Art., And in children 130/100 mm Hg.Art. Then you need to urgently go to a cardiologist and take special anti -hypertensive drugs.Such blood pressure indicators are dangerous to health.
Heart pain in the heart
In combination with headache, patients with high pressure complain of pain attacks on the left side of the chest.The pain presented can give to the left hand and break the rhythm of the heart.
The symptoms presented may indicate that increased blood pressure contributed to the formation of pathological changes in the coronary arteries and the heart muscle.This should be included:
- Coronary heart disease,
- Angina Pectoris;
- An increase in the left ventricle, accompanied by a decrease in cardiac output and the formation of heart failure.
In the case of timely therapy of increased pressure, pathological processes in the heart are reversible, but the patient needs to lead a healthy lifestyle and take anti -hypertensive medications.
Hypertensive crisis
When in the patient, hypertension occurs in medium and severe forms (blood pressure in adults reaches 160/100 mm Hg and in children 130/100 mm Hg), hypertensive crises are formed.They arise due to a significant increase in pressure, in contrast to the usual.
Intracranial pressure symptoms
What signs are observed in a person with high intracranial pressure?First, you need to understand that intracranial pressure is an excess or lack of cerebrospinal fluid in a particular part of the skull, formed by a violation of its circulation.
The symptoms of increased intracranial pressure in adults are as follows:
- deterioration in the lateral and central view;
- Benefit of vision, "fog in the eyes";
- swelling in the eyelids, face;
- Noise in the ears, hearing loss;
- frequent headaches, gradually acquiring constant character;
- Pain attacks at the top of the cervical vertebra, spinal cord;
- Fast fatigue, a feeling of weakness.
Signs of intracranial pressure in children are the following
- In recent children, there is an expansion of the seams, the dimensions of the head increase faster compared to body size, salient fontanel, the occurrence of strabismus.
- In children of pre -school and school age, head pain, strabismus, lethargy, fatigue, irritability, high sensitivity to bright lighting are observed.
Necessary therapy
High pressure treatment in adults and children is reduced to a decrease in all factors that caused this condition:
- Reduction of overweight;
- Compliance with normal daily routine, good sleep;
- Compliance with proper nutrition, reduction of salt consumption;
- Ideal consumption mode;
- a ban on tobacco, alcohol;
Mandatory for high pressure treatment is the use of certain medications.The appointment of the drug, its dose should be performed only by an experienced specialist and depends on the symptoms of the disease.
It is not possible to completely cure hypertension, but subject to the correct lifestyle and the implementation of all prescriptions of doctors in hypertension, well -being will improve and it will be able to live a normal normal life.
Increased intraocular pressure can be cured only surgically.To maintain the patient's normal condition, he receives diuretics and medicines that improve metabolic and hematopoietic processes.
Complications
According to doctors, people suffering from hypertension are more likely to arteriosclerosis.Therefore, they usually have a stroke and heart attack.In case of increased pressure, in both children and adults, lameness may occur, since the normal blood supply in the legs is disturbed.
The main problem of all consequences is the pressure in the heart as a result of which it should work with increased load.With this disease, the heart is not able to deal with increased load;Therefore, a small and large circle of blood circulation is disturbed.As a result, there is a shortness of breath, hemoptysis, the swelling of the limbs.The complications presented are the cause of death.
The next dangerous consequence of hypertension is brain complications.When increased pressure is observed in a person for a long time, spot bleeding occurs in retinal vessels.Such consequences lead to a violation of blood supply, which causes degeneration and retinopathy.All of this contributes to the darkening of vision and blindness.
Preventive measures
If there is a hereditary hypertension, it is necessary to constantly control your well and measure the pressure in time.In addition, it is necessary:
- observe proper nutrition,
- reduce salt intake,
- refuse alcohol,
- bring an active healthy lifestyle,
- Do not be subjected to stressful situations.
Hypertension is a very dangerous disease.Despite the fact that the greatest pressure affects not only women after forty, this condition is characteristic of men and even children.Therefore, you do not need to think that a repeated increase in pressure is the norm.When the symptoms described above appear, you need to go urgently to consult a cardiologist.